新航道上海學校SAT培訓班 小編繼續給大家帶來SAT文法第六期，每期分享3-5個文法知識點，幫助大家更好地備考SAT。

  一、動詞

  非謂語動詞

  1. 含義：

  1.含義：

  簡單句或主從句中，不作謂語的動詞。

  例如：

  1 Tom is a student studying SAT.

  2 Mary is a student helped by his friends.

  3 To get a higher mark, John needs to study harder than other students.

  2. 用法：

  劃重點

  非謂語動詞有三種形式：不定式、動名詞和分詞，其中動名詞不涉及考點，所以重點看不定式和分詞(現在分詞和過去分詞)的考點。

  非謂語動詞可以作的成分很多，比如作主語、作賓語、作賓補、作定語和作狀語，但SAT考點中重點考察作定語和作狀語的情況。

  (1) 不定式作定語

  (2) 不定式作狀語

  (3) 分詞作定語

  (4) 分詞作狀語

  (1) 不定式作定語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾前面的名詞。

  b) 動詞形式：名詞+to do.

  c) 用法：名詞后的不定式無需加標點符號

  d) 例句：

  i. I have a book to read.

  ii. Tom was the only person to affect this disease.

  iii. Her persistence to lose weight inspires me.

  (2) 不定式作狀語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾主句的主語：在句首時，需要加逗號與主句隔開。

  b) 動詞形式：To do+名詞，主句. 或 名詞+to do

  c) 用法：名詞后的不定式無需加標點符號

  d) 例句：

  i. To achieve his target, John needs to run at least 30 minutes every day.

  ii. Tom was the only person to affect this disease.

  iii. Her persistence to lose weight inspires me.

  (3) 分詞作定語

  a) 定義：分詞作為后置定語，修飾前面的名詞。

  b) 動詞形式：名詞+分詞：分詞+doing或分詞+done

  c) 用法：名詞與后面的分詞之間無需加標點符號。

  d) 例句：

  i. The man watching TV feels boring after two hours later.

  ii. The windows wet with rain need to clean when it stops raining.

  iii. Mary cheated by his friends was sad and angry.

  (4) 分詞作狀語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾主句的主語：在句首時，需要加逗號與主句隔開。

  b) 動詞形式：分詞+名詞，主句. 或 名詞+分詞

  c) 用法：名詞后的分詞無需加標點符號;在句首的分詞要修飾主句主語。

  d) 例句：

  i. After watching TV for two hours, the man feels boring.

  ii. Beaten by his father, Tom starts to cry.

  iii. Her work finished within one hours was indeed in high quality.

  真題檢測

  真題檢測1

  (2017-10NA-Q30) The photo is then immersed in water and warmed. In conclusion, it is coated with lavender oil to give it (a protective finish).

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. oil— to give it (a protective finish)

  C. oil, to give, it (a protective finish)

  D. oil to give it (a protective finish)

  解析：通過lavender oil to give it看出是不定式作定語的考點，根據不定式作定語無需添加標點符號的規則，排除選項中帶有標點符號的選項，所以排除A/B/C三個選項，所以選D。

  注：2017-10NA-Q30為2017年10月北美真題30題。

  真題檢測2

  (2017-05AS-Q7) Electronic health record system can actually reduce errors by, for instance, cross-referencing drug information, this provides doctors with automatic warnings about adverse drug interactions.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. information to provide

  C. information; providing

  D. information, provides

  解析：通過information to provide看出是不定式作定語的考點，根據不定式作定語無需添加標點符號的規則，排除選項中帶有標點符號的選項，具體錯因為：A和D項需要加連接詞，而C項分號后需要前后一致，分號后為分詞而非句子，所以排除A/C/D三個選項，所以選B。

  注：2017-05AS-Q7為2017年5月亞太真題7題。

  真題檢測3

  (2018-03AS-Q27) The education of all pharmacists should be expanded to include additional medical training, and they should be empowered to perform even more of the tasks, traditionally performed by primary care physicians.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. tasks, traditionally performed by,

  C. tasks traditionally performed, by

  D. tasks traditionally performed by

  解析：通過tasks traditionally performed by看出是過去分詞作后置定語的考點，根據分詞作定語無需添加標點符號的規則，排除選項中帶有標點符號的選項，所以排除A/B/C三個選項，所以選D。

  注：2018-03AS-Q27為2018年3月亞太真題27題。

  真題檢測4

  (2017-05NA-Q32) After hearing a lineup of well-known, famous art critics testify to the aesthetic value and originality of nonrepresentational art like Bird in Space, the courts ruling was in favor of Brancusi.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. the ruling of the court was in favor of Brancusi.

  C. the court ruled in favor of Brancusi.

  D. Brancusi was the favorable receiver of the court’s ruling.

  解析：通過after hearing a lineup看出是現在分詞作前置定語的考點，根據在句首的分詞要修飾主句主語的規則，排除不能發出hearing動作的主語，即A項的the courts， B項的the ruling和C項的the court，所以排除A/B/C三個選項，所以選D。

  注：2018-3AS-Q27為2018年3月亞太真題27題。

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