上期帶來(lái)了SAT文法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，新航道上海學(xué)校SAT培訓(xùn)班小編繼續(xù)給大家?guī)?lái)SAT文法第二期，每期分享3-5個(gè)文法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助大家更好地備考SAT。

  一、動(dòng)詞

  主謂一致

  1. 含義：

  主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)一致，比如主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是復(fù)數(shù)，要保持一致。

  例如：Students are taking the test right now.

  2. 用法：

  (4) 定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致

  (5) 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

  (6) 就近原則

  上期鏈接：SAT備考 | SAT文法知識(shí)點(diǎn)第1期

  (4) 定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致

  a) 定義：

  i. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞決定

  b) 例句

  例句1：Thanks to the strength of the bonds between its constituent carbon atoms, a diamond has exceptional physical properties that make it useful in a wide variety of industrial applications.

  解釋：that從句的make由先行詞that決定，that指代前面的physical properties。

  c) 真題檢測(cè)

  (2018-03AS-Q29) Physicians focus on diagnosis and pharmacists focus on drug therapies, a division of labor that was cost effective and helpful for patients.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. is

  C. had been

  D. would be

  解析：通過(guò)前面的語(yǔ)態(tài)focus on看出是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以排除A/C/D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選B。

  注：2018-03AS-Q29為2018年3月亞太真題29題。

  (5) 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

  a) 定義

  將謂語(yǔ)的一部分或全部置于主語(yǔ)之前的語(yǔ)序叫做倒裝語(yǔ)序。

  b) 類型

  完全倒裝：將整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)提到主語(yǔ)之前;

  部分倒裝：只將be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。

  c) 例句

  例句1: In the back of the textbook are a list of words that can be easily learned by those who want to improve their command of English.

  解析：in the back of the textbook為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，are是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，a list of words+that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)，該句的are在主語(yǔ)前，為全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

  例句2: What becomes apparent from assessing scientific accomplishments is that only relatively recently has the necessary technology been developed for solving the mysteries of genetics.

  解析：that從句中the necessary technology是真正的主語(yǔ)，has been developed是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只有助動(dòng)詞has在主語(yǔ)前，為部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

  d) 真題檢測(cè)

  (2016-11AS-Q34) Less well known were Nightingale’s promotion of statistical analysis in the field of medicine, even though this work may have been more important to the development of modern health policy.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. are

  C. is

  D. had been

  解析：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的less well known不能作主語(yǔ)，所以該句是倒裝句，真正的主語(yǔ)是Nightingale’s promotion，是單數(shù)，所以排除A/B/D, 所以選C。

  注：2016-11AS-Q34為2016年11月亞太真題34題。

  (6) 就近原則

  a) 定義

  由下列詞語(yǔ)連接的并列主語(yǔ)："there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also”; a, b or c 等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可與后面第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。

  b) 例句

  ①What he does or what he says does not concern me.

  ②Neither you nor I am wrong.

  ③Not you but your father is to blame.

  ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong.

  解析：1-4的例句中or或nor后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一致，what he says/ I/ your father/ he都是單數(shù)，所以4個(gè)例句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也是單數(shù)。

  c) 真題檢測(cè)

  What Tom said or what Mary said were the best possible solution for this program.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. have been

  C. had been

  D. is

  解析：根據(jù)what Tom said or what Mary said判斷，該題考察就近原則，主語(yǔ)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞附近的what Mary said，是單數(shù)，所以排除A/B/C，所以選D。

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