新航道

  新航道上海學(xué)校SAT培訓(xùn)班小編繼續(xù)給大家?guī)?lái)SAT文法第五期，每期分享3-5個(gè)文法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助大家更好地備考SAT。

  一、動(dòng)詞

  虛擬語(yǔ)氣

  1. 含義：

  虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話并不是事實(shí),而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測(cè)。

  例如：If I were in charge of developing drugs for COVID-19, I would want the pandemic to end as soon as possible.

  注：in charge of負(fù)責(zé);pandemic n. 流行病

  2. 用法：

  (1) 與事實(shí)相反

  (1) 與事實(shí)相反

  a)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

  i.定義：與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)情況不一致。

  ii.動(dòng)詞形式：if sb did/ were , sb would do.

  iii.注意：無(wú)論單復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞一律用were。

  iv.例句：

  1. If Tom won the prize, he would buy the new luxury house.

  2. If I were a fish, I would swim to the ocean.

  b)與現(xiàn)在過(guò)去相反

  i.定義：與過(guò)去的事實(shí)情況不一致。

  ii.動(dòng)詞形式：if sb had done, sb would have done.

  iii.例句：

  1. If he had got up early, he would have not missed the show.

  2. If Mary had eaten that fries, she would have not lose some weight.

  c)與將來(lái)過(guò)去相反

  i.定義：與將來(lái)的事實(shí)情況不一致。

  ii.動(dòng)詞形式：if sb did/were to do/ should do, sb would do.

  iii.例句：

  1. If Jack were to come, what should we say to him?

  2. If it should rain, the game would be put off.

  例題檢測(cè)

  例題檢測(cè)1

  Undoubtedly, more voters in the urban areas will have voted for Julia Morton if she had taken a less conservative stand on zoning codes than she did.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. voted

  C. voting

  D. would have voted

  解析：通過(guò)she had taken看出是虛擬語(yǔ)氣中與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)if sb had done, sb would have done的規(guī)則，前面的句子需要時(shí)would have done的形式，所以排除A/B/C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選D。

  例題檢測(cè)2

  Little doubt is the fact that many supporters in the countryside had championed the presidential candidate for his agricultural policy if he promised to raise the price of their products.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. would champion

  C. will champion

  D. championed

  解析：通過(guò)he promised看出是虛擬語(yǔ)氣中與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)if sb did, sb would do的規(guī)則，前面的句子需要時(shí)would do的形式，所以排除A/C/D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選B。

  例題檢測(cè)3

  (Khan-P202-Q9) If the field of patient advocacy were to argue its current lack of regulation, it would continue to attract individuals with a variety of backgrounds and skill sets.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. argued

  C. would argue

  D. had argued

  解析：通過(guò)it would continue看出是虛擬語(yǔ)氣中與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)if sb were to do, sb would do的規(guī)則，前面的句子需要時(shí)were to do的形式，所以排除B/C/D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選A。

  注：Khan-P202-Q9為可汗文法57篇202頁(yè)第9題。

  真題檢測(cè)4

  (2019-03NA-Q32) If artists were to receive medals during the Olympic Games just as athletes do, and if the competitions were broadcast to the estimated four billion views tuning in worldwide, talented artists such as Linson were reaching a much broader audience.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. had reached

  C. will reach

  D. would reach

  解析：通過(guò)the competitions were看出是虛擬語(yǔ)氣中與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)if sb were, sb would do的規(guī)則，后面的句子需要時(shí)would do的形式，所以排除A/B/C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選D。

  注：2019-03NA-Q32為2019年3月北美真題32題。

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