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  作文機經

  Issue

  "Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information,people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally.They feel unable to compete with--much less contribute to--the quantity of information that is now available electronically."

  Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position,you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position

  題目翻譯

  既然電腦技術已經使人們及時接觸大量真實信息成為可能，那么人們就不太可能像以前那樣去深刻地或者創造性地思考了。對于通過電子手段獲得的信息量，人們已經感覺跟不上了，并且個人的作用已經減弱了

  Outline

  The availability of large amounts of factual information through the Internet does not necessarily hinder people from thinking deeply or originally.

  1. No one would doubt that computer technology has led us into an age of information, putting us on an unprecedented advantageous position to access and use the boundless sea of information

  2. And there is no denying the possibility that we suffer from a new problem—information overload.

  3. However, we should be clear that the task of human beings today is not to compete with computer technology in terms of the quantity of information we can produce.

  4. We should and we can make full use of the large amounts of information available electronically for research purposes and make original contributions

  Argument

  When Stanley Park first opened, it was the largest, most heavily used public park in town.It is still the largest park,but it is no longer heavily used.Video cameras mounted in the park's parking lots last month revealed the park's drop in popularity:the recordings showed an average of only 50 cars per day.In contrast,tiny Carlton Park in the heart of the business district is visited by more than 150 people on a typical weekday.An obvious difference is that Carlton Park,unlike Stanley Park,provides ample seating.Thus,if Stanley Park is ever to be as popular with our citizens as Carlton Park,the town will obviously need to provide more benches,thereby converting some of the unused open areas into spaces suitable for socializing.

  Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument.Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

  題目翻譯

  當Stanley公園剛開放的時候，它是本市最大，最繁忙的公園。現在它仍是最大的，但已沒有以前繁忙。上個月安在公園停車場的攝像機顯示公園的受歡迎程度下降了：錄像顯示平均每天只有50輛車。與之相比，位于商業區中心的Carlton小公園平常工作日里每天游客超過150人。一個明顯的差別是，與Stanley 公園不同，Carlton 公園提供充足的座椅。因此，如果Stanley公園想要像Carlton公園一樣受市民歡迎的話，顯然應該提供更多的長椅，從而把一些未加利用的開闊地變成便于人們交往的空間。

  寫一篇文章，檢查論證過程中陳述和/或未陳述的假設。一定要解釋論證過程是如何依賴這些假設建立的，如果這些假設被證明是不合理的，對于論證過程來說有哪些潛在影響。

  題目分析

  A. 前提[隱性]：Stanley公園受歡迎程度降低;Carlton公園很受市民歡迎，其原因是提供了充足的座椅

  B. 結論：Thus,if Stanley Park is ever to be as popular with our citizens as is Carlton Park,the town will obviously need to provide more benches, thereby converting some of the unused open areas into spaces suitable for socializing

  因此，如果Stanley公園想要像 Carlton 公園一樣受市民歡迎的話，顯然應該提供更多的長椅，從而把一些未加利用的開闊地變成便于人們交往的空間

  C. 論據：

  1. When Stanley Park first opened,it was the largest, most heavily used park in town

  當Stanley公園剛開放的時候，它是本市最大，最繁忙的公園

  2. It is still the largest park, but it is no longer heavily used

  現在它仍是最大的，但已沒有以前繁忙

  3. Video cameras mounted in the park's parking lots last month revealed the park's drop in popularity: the recordings showed an average of only 50 cars per day

  上個月安在公園停車場的攝像機顯示公園的受歡迎程度下降了：錄像顯示平均每天只有50輛車

  4. In contrast, tiny Carlton Park in the heart of the business district is visited by more than 150 people on a typical weekday

  與之相比，位于商業區中心的 Carlton 小公園平常工作日里每天游客超過150人

  5. An obvious difference is that Carlton Park, unlike Stanley Park, provides ample seating

  一個明顯的差別是，與Stanley公園不同，Carlton 公園提供充足的座椅

  提綱(可攻擊點)

  1、僅根據公園停車場的攝像機記錄能否準確反映公園的受歡迎程度?除了自己開車來，游客還有哪些其他途徑來公園?

  2、除了公園受歡迎程度降低，哪些其他原因同樣可以解釋“上個月公園停車場停車數量的下降”?

  3、兩個公園之間是否具有可比性?哪些差異將導致對比結果的不同?

  4、是否就是因為充足座椅這個“明顯的差別”導致兩個公園人氣的不同?哪些其他不是很明顯的差別會更主要得影響公園人氣?

  5、即使 Stanley 公園提供了充足座椅，是否人們就會更喜歡它?同時，占用開闊空地會有哪些負面作用?

  填空等價機經

  1. By recognizing commonalities among all the major political parties and by promoting a collaborative decision-making process, the prime minister has made good on his promise to cultivate a leadership style that emphasizes _____.

  A. growth

  B. politics

  C. ideology

  D. cooperation

  E. differentiation

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  翻譯：通過認識所有主要政黨的共同點和推動協作式的制定決策過程，首相成功實現了他的承諾開創了一種強課__的領導方式。

  promoting a collaborative 提升合作，逗號前后重復，無否定詞，選 D 合作 cooperation, major political parties 對應下文 prime minister

  2. The governor has considerable political talents, but as a speaker he is far less(i)_____than his opponent,whose oratorical skills are (ii) _____.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A. adroit D. unpretentious

  B. unconvincing E. spurious

  C. prolix F. breathtaking

  正確答案

  A F

  題目解析

  翻譯：這個州長擁有顯著的政治才能，但是當作為演講者時他的熟練(adroit)遠少于他的對手，那些對手的演講才能是那么的振奮人心(breathtaking)

  第一空格： 前面說到他有才能(+態度)，but后面就應該是沒才能的(-態度)，但是后面有個less...than..對比，所以空格應該填(+態度)，選項只有一個是正態度的詞 adroit。

  第二空格： whose 修飾的是對手，前面對面中知道對手的演講技能比較嫻熟，所以形容對手的演講應該是(+態度)。

  3. As the finances of the energy-trading firm began unraveling, what eventually became(i)_____was that the company had been concocting“value”out of thin air,thanks not to the trading strategies it promoted as visionary but to financial (ii) _____ that turned a once-solid entity into the most notorious(iii)_____ in an era of corporate scandals.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)

  A. vindicated D. redemption G. omission

  B. unmistakable E. responsibilities H. boon

  C. unverifiable F. games I. debacle

  正確答案

  B F I

  題目解析

  翻譯：隨著這個能源交易公司的融資情況浮出水面時，最終確鑿無疑的是他們無中生有捏造出了價值，這不是來自他們有遠見的交易策略，而是融資游戲把曾經堅固的財產變為臭名昭著的潰散，在這個企業丑聞的時代。

  解析：The characterization of the company's activities as“concocting‘value’out of thin air”strongly suggests that its transactions have been fraudulent.The word that completes Blank(ii)must reflect this financial trickery;“games”does so,whereas both“redemption”and“responsibilities”both reflect more upstanding behavior than the sentence ascribes to the firm.The word that completes Blank (iii) should reflect the company's fall from respectability and have a sense opposite to the“once-solid entity”with which it is contrasted.“Debacle”does this nicely,while the other two choices lack the necessary pejorative meaning.

  For Blank(i),“vindicated”suggests that there had been previous warnings about the firm's practices that were eventually borne out,something indicated nowhere else in the passage.“Unverifiable”is at odds with the sentence's surety about the firm's wrongdoing;that assurance is best conveyed by“unmistakable.”Thus the correct answer is unmistakable (Choice B),games (Choice F),and debacle(Choice I).

  4. The remarkable thing about the mayoral race,in retrospect,is that so many people wanted the job of managing a municipality so obviously about to _____.

  A. materialize

  B. disintegrate

  C. crumble

  D. prosper

  E. flourish

  F. scuffle

  正確答案

  B C

  題目解析

  remarkable和so many people ...構成了一個surprise(轉折)，市長的位置"這么多人搶著要做"在這個城市快要______時是"很令人驚訝"的。所以空格填負面，剩 (B) (C) (F),同義字只有 (B) (C)，為正確答案。(D) (E) 是同義字，但為正面，不選。

  5. It is a testimony to Roth's_____that he could not quite bring himself to write a book as dull and flat as his original conception for his novel Everyman seemed to demand.

  A. persistence

  B. deterioration

  C. talent

  D. ambition

  E. decline

  F. genius

  正確答案

  C F

  題目解析

  翻譯：Roth 原先對他的小說 Everyman 的構想讓這部小說似乎注定乏味，但他最終沒把小說寫成枯燥乏味的一部作品，這正顯示了他的才華。

  not dull and flat表明是正評價，BE排除 A選項 堅持 與題意無關 D 選項 野心 與題意無關

  6. In film studies—a visually oriented discipline that is_____backlit close-ups,eye line matches,and voyeuristic gazes-scholars have often been tone-deaf to the sounds of music.

  A. fixated on

  B. obsessed with

  C. unconcerned with

  D. amused by

  E. bothered by

  F. indifferent to

  正確答案

  A B

  題目解析

  翻譯：在電影研究這個以規覺為導向的學科里，由于對背光式特寫鏡頭，規線對焦和偷窺式凝規是非常關注沉迷的，學者們也(因此)常常忽略了音樂的作用。

  從后半句忽規后者推出前半句應該是重視前者，以tone-deaf作為關鍵詞，選擇和其相反含義的詞匯，因此選擇 A 和 B。

  數學機經

  1. n is a positive integer, x = 7*n + 2, and y = 6*n + 3

  Quantity A：the ones digit of x+y

  Quantity B：5

  A. Quantity A is greater.

  B. Quantity B is greater.

  C. The two quantities are equal.

  D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  題目問的是 x+y 的個位數和 5 相比，哪個大? x+y=7n+2+6n+3=13n+5

  題目中只提供了 n>0 丏 n 為整數，所以 13n+5 的個位數有可能是 0~9 中除5以外的任何一個，故無法判斷 13n+5 的個位數與5相比哪個大。

  注意：題目不是問(x+y)不 5 相比誰大

  2. During an experiment,the pressure of a fixed mass of gas increased from 40 pounds per square inch (psi) to 50 psi. Throughout the experiment,the pressure,P psi,and the volume,V cubic inches,of the gas varied in such a way that the value of the product PV was constant.

  Quantity A：the volume of the gas when the pressure was 40 psi

  Quantity B：1.2times the volume of the gas when the pressure was 50 psi

  A. Quantity A is greater.

  B. Quantity B is greater.

  C. The two quantities are equal.

  D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

  正確答案

  A

  題目解析

  題目的意思是：氣體是同樣的氣體，只是比較在不同壓強下的體積大小。P.V 是定量(假設為單位 1)，壓強越大，體積越小。公式應該用體積正比亍質量/壓強，因此假設40psi，就當作是1/40，A就是1/40;假如50psi，就當作是 1/50，B 是 1.2 倍，所以是 1.2/50，因此答案是 A

  3.

  For the large cars sold at an auction that is summarized in the table above,what was the average sale price per car?

  正確答案

  6000

  題目解析

  問的是拍賣會賣掉的大車的平均售價，實際銷售額是120000，賣掉20輛，因此每輛價格是6000美元。

  4. Rectangle R has length 30 and width 10, and square S has length 5.The perimeter of S is what fraction of the perimeter of R ? _____/_____

  正確答案

  20,80

  題目解析

  本題告知兩個四邊形周長，求比值，長方形周長為(30+10)*2=80，正方形周長為 5*4=20，因此分別填入 20 和 80 即可。

  本題看似簡單，然而在官方統計數據中正確率非常低，原因在于許多考生自動將答案約分成了1，4。這里特別提醒大家GRE考試并不需要大家做多余的計算步驟，因此在題目沒有要求的情況下請直接填寫原本數值，不要做其它計算工作。

  5. A certain jar contains 60 jelly beans—22 white,18 green,11 yellow,5 red,and 4 purple.If a jelly bean is to be chosen at random,what is the probability that the jelly bean will be neither red nor purple?

  A. 0.09

  B. 0.15

  C. 0.54

  D. 0.85

  E. 0.81

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  概率題，60個糖豆,隨機拿一個,求拿不到紅色和紫色的概率，紅色和紫色一共有9個，反過來就是51/60的概率抽丌到，最后結果為0.85，選D。

  閱讀邏輯機經

  短篇閱讀

  Since the 1980s,experts have been claiming that the skill demands of today's jobs have outstripped the skills workers possess.Moss and Tilly counter that worker deficiencies lie less in job-specific skills than in such attributes as motivation,interpersonal skills,and appropriate work demeanor.However,Handel suggests that these perceived deficiencies are merely an age effect,arguing that workers pass through a phase of early adulthood characterized by weak attachment to their jobs.As they mature,workers grow out of casual work attitudes and adjust to the workplace norms of jobs that they are more interested in retaining.Significantly,complaints regarding younger workers have persisted for over two decades,but similar complaints regarding older workers have not grown as the earlier cohorts aged.

  The last sentence serves primarily to

  A. suggest that worker deficiencies are likely to become more pronounced in the future

  B. introduce facts that Handel may have failed to take into account

  C. cite evidence supporting Handel’s argument about workers

  D. show that the worker deficiencies cited by Handel are more than an age effect

  E. distinguish certain skills more commonly possessed by young workers from skills more commonly found among mature workers

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  與家認為現在的工作要求超出了工人的能力---→M、T 認為工人的在 motivation,interpersonal skills,and appropriate work demeanor這幾個方面的問題更大----→轉折，H 認為這個缺點僅僅是年紀的問題(年紀老一些時就好了)----→值得注意的是，關于青年工人的抱怨持續了二十年，而對于年長工人，類似的抱怨并沒有(隨著年歲)增長(支持H的觀點)

  長篇閱讀

  In the early twentieth century,the idea that pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound replaced the notion that pianists should be virtuosos whose performances thrilled audiences with emotional daring and showy displays of technique.One important figure to emerge in the period,though a harpsichordist rather than a pianist,was Wanda Landowska (1879–1959).She demonstrated how the keyboard works of Baroque composers such as Bach,Handel,Scarlatti,and Couperin probably sounded in their own times.It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist,however.She had been born in an age of Romantic playing dominated by Liszt,Leschetizky,and their pupils.Thus she grew up with and was influenced by certain Romantic traditions of performance,whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship;Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless,and when she gave recitals,they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention.

  Her playing was Romantic,but it was at least as close in spirit to the style of playing intended by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750)and Classical(1750–1830) eras,as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists since Landowska.She had a miraculous quality of touch,a seemingly autonomous left hand;no artist in her generation could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the Baroque masters.And none could make their music so spring to life.

  Her achievements were the result of a lifetime of scholarship,truly remarkable physical gifts,and resilient rhythm,all combined with excellent judgment about when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct.Of course,developing such judgment demanded considerable experience and imagination.She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and emotional content of a piece,and to do so,she took liberties,all kinds of liberties,while nevertheless preserving the integrity of a composer's score.In short,her entire musical approach was Romantic:intensely personal,full of light and shade, never pedantic.

  Thanks to Landowska,Bach's music (originally composed for the harpsichord) now sounded inappropriately thick when played on the piano.One by one,pianists stopped playing Bach's music as adapted for the piano by Liszt or by Tausig.Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano,even Scarlatti's.The piano repertoire,it began to be felt,was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions of Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord—and piano performances of Bach and Scarlatti were,despite the obvious similarities between the harpsichord and the piano,transcriptions, no matter how faithfully the original notes were played.In accordance with this kind of purism came an emphasis on studying composers’manuscript notations,a relatively new field of musicology that is flourishing even today.

  1. The passage suggests that Landowska's playing embodied a rejection of which of the following?

  A. Emotionally resonant interpretations of musical works.

  B. An audience's complete silence during a performance.

  C. Performances of previously obscure Baroque works.

  D. The idea that a performer can correctly judge when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct.

  E. Performances emphasizing showy displays of technique that compromise the integrity of a composer's original score.

  正確答案

  E

  題目解析

  主旨直選法，細讀第一句得出文章主旨：在這個時期，一種新idea代替了舊的notion。新的idea是文章主旨：pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound(鋼琴家應該是這么一種音樂家:其演奏反映的是作曲家希望他們的作品能夠被聽到的樣子)。深入理解：鋼琴家應該作為一種重現作曲家意圖的媒介。然后說：One important figure to emerge in the period is L(本文主人公) 根據全文理解，L是這種新的idea的踐行者。那么題目：L的演奏反對什么? 由上述L支持的東西來推論：L支持演奏應該原原本本的表達作曲家的意圖(the way composers wanted their music to sound)，那么L會反對：E一種表演：重規技巧，而compromise(此處作危害，GRE 常考)the integrity of the composer's original score.(original是關鍵)

  2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the compositions of Scarlatti?

  A. They were adapted by Liszt and Tausig.

  B. They have not been transcribed faithfully

  C. They were not composed during the Baroque period.

  D. They were composed for instruments other than piano.

  E. They fell out of favor with most musicians in the early twentieth century.

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  信息 1：Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano,even Scarlatti's.

  說明S的作品從屬于Baroque music

  信息 2：Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord

  說明 Baroque music 開始丌是寫給 piano 的，因為是寫給 H 的

  推斷：S屬于B;B不是寫給piano;那么S也不是寫給 piano，所以 D 選項正確

  3. The author's assertion that Landowska should not be considered a classicist serves primarily to emphasize which of the following?

  A. Landowska specialized in playing the works of composers of the Baroque era.

  B. Landowska's repertoire included orchestral music only.

  C. Landowska's musical performances were not devoid of emotion.

  D. Landowska's repertoire emphasized works of long-lasting interest and value.

  E. Landowska advocated the study of Classical style or form.

  正確答案

  C

  題目解析

  "Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals,they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention. "就說明她的演奏是富有感情色彩的。然而“by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750)and Classical (1750–1830)eras,as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists ”說明classical表演沒有感情。選項c的意思是L的表演不全沒有感情，也就是帶有感情，這個和classical的特點相悖，所以說明L不是 classical的

  邏輯閱讀

  Despite a dramatic increase in the number of people riding bicycles for recreation in Parkville,a recent report by the Parkville Department of Transportation shows that the number of accidents involving bicycles has decreased for the third consecutive year.

  Which of the following,if true during the last three years,best reconciles the apparent discrepancy in the facts?

  A. The Parkville Department of Recreation confiscated abandoned bicycles and sold them at auction to any interested Parkville residents.

  B. Increased automobile and bus traffic in Parkville had been the leading cause of the most recent increase in automobile accidents.

  C. Because of the local increase in the number of people bicycling for recreation,many out-of-town bicyclists ride in the Parkville area.

  D. The Parkville Police Department enforced traffic rules for bicycle riders much more vigorously and began requiring recreational riders to pass a bicycle safety course.

  E. The Parkville Department of Transportation canceled a program that required all bicycles to be inspected and registered each year

  正確答案

  D

  題目解析

  本題邏輯鏈：P市騎自行車的人多了--但自行車交通事敀卻減少了，問可能原因(支持邏輯鏈)

  選項 A：某部門拍賣被遺棄自行車賣給市民 無法解釋原因，不選。

  選項 B：增加的機動車和巳士是機動車事敀增長的主要原因。跟自行車無關，不選。

  選項 C：因為本地騎自行車的人多了，許多外地自行車愛好者也來了。只是增加了邏輯鏈前半段，對于解釋矛盾毫無幫助。不選。

  選項 D：P 市警察局加強了騎自行車的交通規則并開始要求騎車人通過自行車安全課程。支持，因為加強教育，所以大家都更注意安全了，因此事故減少。邏輯完成合理，正確選項。

  選項 E：P 市交通部取消了一個要求所有自行車每年檢查注冊的項目。只會加重交通問題，無法解釋事敀減少，不選。

請加sunny老師（微信號：shnc_2018）

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