上海新航道GRE小編給大家帶來2018年9月14日GRE考試內容回顧，上海新航道GRE真題欄目長期為大家整理更新GRE最新考試真題回憶，有需要的同學歡迎長期關注!

  作文機經

  Issue

  "In any profession--business,politics,education,government--those in power should step down after five years.The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."

  Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

  題干分析

  在任何領域中---商業、政治、教育、政府----掌權者應該在五年后就讓位。這是任何機構獲得成功的最好的方式：通過更新領導者而保持活力

  Outline

  Limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives.

  1. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power.

  2. A new leadership usually has greater initiative and would ring in new ideas.

  3. However,in certain realms such as business it might not be o necessary to limit the term of leadership.

  4. Furthermore, new leaders often lack the necessary skill and experience to copewith existing problems; therefore, they need a period of time for adaptation.

  Argument

  The following appeared in a memorandum from the owner of Movies Galore,a chain of movie-rental stores.

  "Because of declining profits, we must reduce operating expenses at Movies Galore's ten movie-rental stores.Raising prices is not a good option,since we are famous for our low prices.Instead,we should reduce our operating hours.Last month our store in downtown Marston reduced its hours by closing at 6:00 p.m.rather than 9:00 p.m.and reduced its overall inventory by no longer stocking any DVD released more than five years ago.Since we have received very few customer complaints about these new policies,we should now adopt them at all other Movies Galore stores as our best strategies for improving profits."

  Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

  題目翻譯

  以下文字出自一連鎖電影租賃店--Movies Galore 擁有者的備忘錄：

  “由于利潤下降，我們必須壓縮 Movies Galore 十家錄像租賃店的營業開支。漲價并不是一個好選擇，因為我們是因低價而知名的。相比較我們應該采取縮短營業時間的策略。上個月我們位于 Marston 鬧市區的店營業下班時間從以前的晚上9點縮短到下午6點，并不再保留發行五年以上的 DVD 以減少總庫存量。由于我們只收到了很少的關于這些新政策的客戶投訴，我們應該在所有 Movies Galore 的店面實施這些政策來作為增加利潤的最好策略。”

  說明：寫一篇文章，闡述需要哪些具體的證據來評價這個論證過程，并解釋這些證據如何削弱或強化這個論證過程。

  題目分析

  A. 前提：because of declining profits, we must reduce operating expenses at Movies Galore's ten movie-rental stores

  由于利潤下降，我們必須壓縮 Movies Galore 十家錄像租賃店的營業開支

  we have received very few customer complaints about these new policies

  我們只收到了很少的關于這些新政策的客戶投訴

  B. 結論：we should now adopt them at all other Movies Galore stores as our best strategies for improving profits

  我們應該在所有 Movies Galore 的店面實施這些政策來作為增加利潤的最好策略

  C. 論據：

  1. Raising prices is not a good option, since we are famous for our low prices

  漲價并不是一個好選擇，因為我們是因低價而知名的

  2. We should reduce our operating hours. Last month our store in downtown Marston reduced its hours by closing at 6:00 p.m. rather than 9:00 p.m. and reduced its overall inventory by no longer stocking any DVD released more than five years ago

  相比較我們應該采取縮短營業時間的策略。上個月我們位于 Marston 鬧市區的店營業下班時間從以前的晚上 9 點縮短到下午 6 點，并不再保留發行五年以上的 DVD 以減少總庫存量

  提綱(可攻擊點)

  1、Marston 店的行為是否增加了利潤?其利潤增加是否可能是其他原因導致的?能否由此得到成功經驗?還有哪些其他可能的情況?

  2、很少的關于新政策的客戶投訴是否能說明客戶滿意?客戶除了投訴之外，還有哪些表示自己不滿的方法?

  3、即使 Marston 店的行為是成功的，其做法在其他店面是否同樣適用?不同的店之間是否存在差異?哪些差異將導致效果的不同?

  4、造成 Movies Galore 利潤下降的可能原因有哪些?是否必須通過壓縮開支才能提升利潤?還有哪些其他因素與利潤存在更直接的關系?5、是否因為低價而知名就不能漲價?

  填空等價機經

  1. The jury's verdict was such a surprise that the populace rioted in the streets;nothing less than a reversal of the verdict could ____ them.

  A. mollify

  B. emulsify

  C. denigrate

  D. petrify

  E. disabuse

  答案：A

  解析：法庭裁決引發民眾暴動，除非決定被推翻否則無法安撫。此處符合句子整體句意的只有 A 選項。其他選項意思均為無關或者錯誤選項。

  2. Federal efforts to regulate standards on educational achievements have been met by (i)____from the states;local governments feel that government imposition represents an undue infringement on their (ii) ____.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii)

  A. receptivity D. autonomy

  B. intransigence E. legislation

  C. compromise F. comportment

  答案：BD

  解析：大意為聯邦政府的政策受到了地方政府的抵制，因為地方政府覺得這種強制做法侵犯了他們的自主權。第一空 A 選項意思無關，C 為妥協，和正確選項完全相反。第二空 E 為法規，聯邦政府做法并沒有違法，只是侵犯了地方政府自主權，所以不對。F 意思無關。

  3. Many popular musicians have (i) ____ new digital technologies that allow them unprecedented control over their music. These musicians use computers to (ii) ____ and modify their songs, resulting in a level of musical precision often unattainable naturally.Of course, though, as is often the case with new technologies, some traditionalists (iii) ____ these developments.

  Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)

  A. incorporated D. energize G. balk at

  B. Synthesized E. delineate H. revel in

  C. alleviated F. recast I. retaliate

  答案：AFG

  解析：本句大意為許多流行音樂家采用了新的數碼技術來創作歌曲，重塑并修改了他們的歌，這種做法受到了傳統人士的反對。第一空 B 為人工合成，但用在此處意思不對，因為此處對象為技術而不是音樂。C 選項意思完全不對。第二空 DE 選項意思不對。第三空反對的意思最佳，H 完全相反，I 程度過于激烈，意思都不對。

  4. In a book that inclines to ____ an epilogue arguing that ballet is dead arrives simply as one more overstatement.

  A. pessimism

  B. misinterpretation

  C. imprecision

  D. vagueness

  E. exaggeration

  F. hyperbole

  答案：EF

  解析：本題除 EF 外另有一組同近義詞為 CD，但根據句中意思，說芭蕾已死只不過是overstatement，因此正確選項為 EF，AB 選項意思無關。

  5. Not only was this writer content to leave the reading public in the dark,she seems to have ____ the role of trickster, seeding her works with apparent clues that led nowhere.

  A. rejected

  B. disdained

  C. relished

  D. participated in

  E. delighted in

  F. developed

  答案：CE

  解析：作者不僅讓讀者看得一頭霧水，還享受扮演欺詐師的角色，在作品留下了一些明顯卻毫無用處的線索。只有 CE 意思符合，其它選項都存在問題且找不到匹配同近義詞。

  6. William Perkins,his ____ speaking style notwithstanding,has long been seen as the moderate face of his political party.

  A. fiery

  B. genteel

  C. bumbling

  D. unremarkable

  E. affable

  F. impassioned

  答案：AF

  解析：本題關鍵詞為 notwithstanding，因此空格內詞匯應該和后面的 moderate 相反，符合這一條件的一組選項為 AF。

  數學機經

  1. The roots of the equation x^2 - x - 6 = 0 are

  A, 1 and - 5

  B. 2 and - 3

  C. 3 and - 2

  D. 5 and - 1

  E. none of the above

  答案：C

  解析：方程式可轉變為(x-3)(x+2)=0, roots 也就是方式的根即為 3 和-2。

  2. Quantity A：The least prime number greater than 24

  Quantity B：The greatest prime number less than 28

  A. Quantity A is greater.

  B. Quantity B is greater.

  C. The two quantities are equal.

  D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

  答案：A

  解析：大于 24 的最小質數為 29，而 B 的任何一個數字都小于 28，因此選 A。

  3. Quantity A：54% of 360

  Quantity B：150

  A. Quantity A is greater.

  B. Quantity B is greater.

  C. The two quantities are equal.

  D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

  答案：A

  解析：無需具體計算 A，大致計算 360 的 50%為 180 大于 B 即可。

  4.

  Quantity A：PS

  Quantity B：SR

  A. Quantity A is greater.

  B. Quantity B is greater.

  C. The two quantities are equal.

  D. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

  答案：D

  解析：根據條件可知三角形為等腰三角形，但缺乏其它條件因此無法判斷 PS 和 SR 的長度，無從比較，所以選 D。

  5. A merchant made a profit of $5 on the sale of a sweater that cost the merchant $15. What is the profit expressed as a percent of the merchant's cost? Give your answer to the nearest whole percent.

  答案：33%

  解析：賣了件 cost15 塊的衣服，賺到了 5 元 profit，求 profit 和 cost 的百分比，也就是5/15，因為要求整數，因此約等于33%。

  閱讀邏輯機經

  短篇閱讀

  Immediately relevant to game theory are the sex ratios in certain parasitic wasp species that have a large excess of females. In these species,fertilized eggs develop into females and unfertilized eggs into males.A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg she lays by fertilizing it or leaving it unfertilized.By Fisher's genetic argument that the sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted, it should pay a female to produce equal numbers of sons and daughters.Hamilton,noting that the eggs develop within their host—the larva of another insect—and that the newly emerged adult wasps mate immediately and disperse,offered a remarkably cogent analysis.Since only one female usually lays eggs in a given larva,it would pay her to produce one male only,because this one male could fertilize all his sisters on emergence.Like Fisher,Hamilton looked for an evolutionarily stable strategy, but he went a step further in recognizing that he was looking for a strategy.

  The author suggests that the work of Fisher and Hamilton was similar in that both scientists

  A. conducted their research at approximately the same time

  B. sought to manipulate the sex ratios of some of the animals they studied

  C. sought an explanation of why certain sex ratios exist and remain stable

  D. studied game theory, thereby providing important groundwork for the later development of strategy theory

  E. studied reproduction in the same animal species

  答案：C

  解析：定位到文章最后一句話,結合文章主旨直接得出答案。A.新內容,same time; B.新內容,manipulate;(注：sought 是 seek(尋求)的過去式;)C.答案;D. 新內容,game theory(實際上該文是由長閱讀截取的,未保留的部門是有涉及博弈論的內容的),later development;E. 雖然貌似一直都在說 reproduction,但是文章主旨是強調 sex ratios.

  長篇閱讀

  Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary,flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted.According to this formulation,highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization.However,the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts,even though it may be valid for the

  sciences.Difference between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences,a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act.Innovative science produces new propositions in

  terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways.Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data,serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory.The goal of highly creative art is very different:the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act.Shakespeare's Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power;nor is Picasso's painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism.What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits,but rather an aesthetic particular.Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit,in an innovative way,the limits of an existing form,rather than transcend that form.

  This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field;the composer Monteverdi,who created music of the highest aesthetic value,comes to mind.More generally,however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization,some musical works,such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata,are of signal historical importance,but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music.On the other hand,Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention.But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather,he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits the rules,forms,and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart,Handel and Bach in strikingly original ways.

  1. The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic activity transcends limits with

  A. deep skepticism

  B. strong indignation

  C. marked indifference

  D. moderate amusement

  E. sharp derision

  答案：A

  解析：

  A.深表懷疑【正確選項，作者不認為科學和藝術是一回事并且舉例說明】

  B.十分不滿，義憤填膺【反，但帶有作者個人情緒，本文中作者并未抨擊，只是持反對意見】

  C.明顯的無所謂【顯然是一種中立的態度】

  D.適度的興趣(即有點興趣)【正向評價，不選】

  E. 尖銳的嘲笑【與 B 選項同理，作者只是不同意，但并沒有嘲笑】

  2. The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that

  A. is cited with high frequency in the publications of other scientists

  B. is accepted immediately by the scientific com- munity

  C. does not relegate particulars to the role of data

  D. presents the discovery of a new scientific fact

  E. introduces a new valid generalization

  答案：E

  解析：

  a. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways.Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data,serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory.這個是關于 science 的說明，大致想表明的就是innovative science produce new propositions 但是跟 D選項的 discover new scientific fact 意思上還是有點差距的。因為文中的 propositions 主要是關于各種現象之間的關聯性。并沒說發現一個新的事實之類的。

  b. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular.這個就說的更加明顯了，既然強調了藝術和科學的區別，然后說藝術并不是produce a new generalization，那么可以推斷出就是科學 produce a new generalization 了。

  3. The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?

  A. Has unusual creative activity been characterized as revolutionary?

  B. Did Beethoven work within a musical tradition that also included Handel and Bach?

  C. Who besides Monteverdi wrote music that the author would consider to embody new principles of organization and to be of high aesthetic value?

  答案：A B

  解析：A. 定位第一句話

  B. 定位最后一句話，「貝多芬實際是一位無人匹及的策略家，他以非凡的原創方式，把他從海頓、莫扎特和巴赫這樣的前輩們那里繼承來的規則、模式和約定發揮到了極致。」

  C. 選項是說同時 embody new principle 和 have high aesthetic value 的人有哪些。而整個最后一段，都在將講「有創新和高價值不一定相關」(has little bearing) ，先是舉Florentine Camerata 說創新不一定意味著 masterpiece ，然后說莫扎特《費加羅的婚禮》雖然沒什么創新，仍被認為很杰出。最后講貝多芬的意思是，大家覺得貝多芬很成功，好像是因為打破了藩籬，但他其實并沒有什么顛覆性的創新。所以后面列舉的人，都和「同時」滿足兩個條件無關。

  邏輯閱讀

  Influenced by the view of some twentieth-century feminists that women's position within the family is one of the central factors determining women's social position,some historians have underestimated the significance of the woman suffrage movement.These historians contend that nineteenth-century suffragism was less radical and,hence,less important than,for example,the moral reform movement or domestic feminism—two nineteenth-century movements in which women struggled for more power and autonomy within the family.True,by emphasizing these struggles,such historians have broadened the conventional view of nineteenth-century feminism,but they do a historical disservice to suffragism.Nineteenth-century feminists and anti-feminist alike perceived the suffragists'demand for enfranchisement as the most radical element in women's protest,in part because suffragists were demanding power that was not based on the institution of the family, women's traditional sphere.

  The passage provides information to support which of the following statements about the historians discussed in the passage EXCEPT

  A. They rely too greatly on the perceptions of the actual participants in the events they study.

  B. Their assessment of the significance of nineteenth- century suffragism differs considerably from that of nineteenth-century feminists.

  C. They devote too much attention to nineteenth- century suffragism at the expense of more radical movements that emerged shortly after the turn of the century.

  答案：AC

  解析：A 錯是因為那些 historians 被 20 世紀的女權運動者影響了，而不是十九世紀的女權運動者。c 錯是因為事實剛好相反，他們覺得 suffrage 后面的 movement 更 radical 和更important。所以他們不會 pay too much attentions 在 suffrage 上。B 對是因為historians 是站在 20 世紀的女權主義者角度講的，所以和當時十九世紀的女權主義者想的不一樣。

請加sunny老師（微信號：shnc_2018）

百人留學備考群，名師答疑，助教監督，分享最新資訊，領取獨家資料。掃碼免費加入