細節是不容忽視，SAT閱讀小說的過程中閱讀文章的過程中有幾類細節需一定要關注，因為往往這些細節就是題目要考查的點。

  1. 修辭。修辭出現的地方，往往充滿隱含意思。新SAT的閱讀題目往往考查隱含意思，要求考生解析修辭語言部分的含義，或者分析修辭語言部分的作用和效果。

  修辭語言部分前面有詳細講解。此處簡單列出七種基本的類型：

  正確認識這些修辭語言能幫助考生更好理解小說故事內涵。關注hyperbole, idioms,也能metaphor, personification和similes的使用能幫助考生回答諸如意思理解和修辭作用類的題目。正確理解文章的各要素才能明白文章要傳達的信息，正確理解這些修辭語言的使用才能跟上故事情節。關注alliteration和onomatopoeia的使用能夠了解作者的意圖，以及作者為了達到意圖，如何使用語言。考試中，你不需要找出這些修辭要素，但是你可能會被問及修辭使用的效用。

  如果一篇文章中出現很多修辭，你不需要出標記每一個。只需簡單標記，哪些段落修辭用法較多即可。

  1. 人物刻畫(Characterization)

  小說，故事，戲劇中的人物刻畫往往通過以下幾種方式:

  在閱讀文章的過程中,要注意這些技巧的使用,可以更有效地理解人物和人物關系, 以及作者意圖。

  我們再以節選自安娜卡列尼娜的文本為例。

  第一段開頭

  At four o'clock, conscious of his throbbing heart, Levin stepped out of a hired sledge at the Zoological Gardens, and …

  其中“throbbing”生動表現了Levin的緊張感。

  第三段：

  He walked along the path towards the skating-ground, and kept saying to himself— “You mustn't be excited, you must be calm. What's the matter with you? What do you want? Be quiet, stupid,” he conjured his heart. And the more he tried to compose himself, the more breathless he found himself. An acquaintance met him and called him by his name, but Levin did not even recognize him. He went towards the mounds, whence came the clank of the chains of sledges as they slipped down or were dragged up, the rumble of the sliding sledges, and the sounds of merry voices. He walked on a few steps, and the skating-ground lay open before his eyes, and at once, amidst all the skaters, he knew her.

  Kept saying to himself, conjured his heart等動作短語展現了Levin試圖抑制自己的緊張情緒。不過我們可以看出效果一般，難以抑制 “the more he tried to compose himself, the more breathless he found himself.” 越想抑制，越難以抑制，甚至熟人跟他打招呼，他都沒認出來。

  第四段：

  He knew she was there by the rapture and the terror that seized on his heart. She was standing talking to a lady at the opposite end of the ground. There was apparently nothing striking either in her dress or her attitude. But for Levin she was as easy to find in that crowd as a rose among nettles. Everything was made bright by her. She was the smile that shed light on all round her. Is it possible I can go over there on the ice, go up to her?” he thought. The place where she stood seemed to him a holy shrine, unapproachable, and there was one moment when he was almost retreating, so overwhelmed was he with terror. He had to make an effort to master himself, and to remind himself that people of all sorts were moving about her, and that he too might come there to skate. He walked down, for a long while avoiding looking at her as at the sun, but seeing her, as one does the sun, without looking.

  But一詞刻畫了Kitty在Levin心目中的與眾不同。Levin甚至將Kitty站立著的地方比喻成a holy shrine. 神圣的地方。Retreating, overwhelmed, terror, had to make an effort等一系列細節描寫烘托出了Levin覺得自己在Kitty的美好圣潔面前感到恐懼，擔心。

  文學類的文章非常善于考查這些細節描繪，比如以下這些問題：

  The passage most strongly suggests that which of the following is true of Levin?

  A) He worries about his appearance.

  B) He wishes he were more impressive.

  C) He is an extremely passionate person.

  D) He is wary of his surroundings.

  通過文本諸如：“the rapture and the terror that seized on his heart,”等等的描述刻畫出來的Levin形象自然是個passionate，多情的，熱情的人。

  再比如下面一題：

  The author’s use of the word “throbbing” in line 1 implies that Levin

  A) has cut himself badly.

  B) has a sudden pain in his chest.

  C) is about to collapse.

  D) is in an agitated state.

  考查throbbing一詞的內涵。該詞充分傳達出了Levin緊張的情緒，D項符合。

  再看下面這題：

  Based on the tone of this passage, what emotion does the author wish the reader to feel about Levin?

  A) Empathy

  B) Cynicism

  C) Hostility

  D) Disgust

  Levin愛慕Kitty，卻又因此恐懼，害怕。自然Levin值得讀者同情。選項A正確。

  總之，小說類的文章，要特別注意形容詞的應用，動作描述等等。這些詞匯往往傳達了主人公的心理狀態和變化。

  Type 2一般記敘文：Memoir等

  請看下面這篇Memoir的例子

  In this passage, American author Mark Twain recalls his boyhood in a small town along the Mississippi River. (通過recall這個詞，我們知道這是一篇回憶錄)

  My father was a justice of the peace, and I sup-posed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing; but the desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. I first wanted to be a cabin boy so that I could come out with a white apron on and shake a tablecloth over the side, where all my old comrades could see me. Later I thought I would rather be the deck hand who stood on the end of the stage plank with a coil of rope in his hand, because he was particularly conspicuous. But these were only daydreams—too heavenly to be contemplated as real possibilities. By and by one of the boys went away. He was not heard of for a long time. At last he turned up as an apprentice engineer or “striker” on a steamboat.This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday-school teachings. That boy had been noto-riously worldly, and I had been just the reverse—

  yet he was exalted to this eminence, and I was left in obscurity and misery. There was nothing gener-ous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty bolt to scrub while his boat was docked at our town, and he would sit

  on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him and envy him and loathe him.

  He used all sorts of steamboat technicalities in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them. He would speak of the “lapboard” side of a horse in an easy, natural way that would make you wish he was dead. And he was always talking about “St. Looy” like an old citizen. Two or three of the boys had long been persons of consideration among us because they had been to St. Louis once and had avague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory was over now. They lapsed into a humble silence and learned to disappear when the ruthless “cub” engineer approached. This fellow had money, too, and hair oil, and he wore a showy brass watch chain, a leather belt, and used no suspenders. No girl could withstand his charms. He “cut out" every boy in the village. When his boat blew up at last, it diffused a tranquil contentment among us such as we had not known for months. But when he came home the next week, alive, renowned, and appeared in church all battered up and bandaged, a shining hero, stared at and wondered over by everybody, it seemed to us that the partiality of Providence for an undeserving reptile had reached a point where it was open to

  criticism.

  This creature’s career could produce but one result, and it speedily followed. Boy after boy man-aged to get on the river. Four sons of the chief merchant and two sons of the county judge became pilots, the grandest position of all. But some of us could not get on the river—at least our parents would not let us.

  So by and by I ran away. I said I would never come home again till I was a pilot and could return in glory. But somehow I could not manage it. I went meekly aboard a few of the boats that lay packed together like sardines at the long St. Louis wharf and very humbly inquired for the pilots but got only a cold shoulder and short words from mates and clerks. I had to make the best of this sort of treatment for the time being, but I had comfort-ing daydreams of a future when I should be a great and honored pilot, with plenty of money, and could kill some of these mates and clerks and pay for them.

  這篇回憶錄敘述了馬克吐溫小時候的故事：那就是小男孩心目中最好的工作就是成為水手。這也是本篇文章的Big picture.

  文本開頭段就介紹了自己想成為水手的夢想，中間二三段描述了一個臭名昭著的男孩當上水手后回來炫耀，小男孩們無比的羨慕嫉妒恨。第五段描述很多男孩都去當水手。最后總結：他依然會做水手的白日夢。

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