在新SAT閱讀部分包括一篇文學篇章，通常是短篇故事或者節(jié)選小說，年代不限。有時文章來自古典小說，那么可能會包含一些考生不熟悉的詞組，但是大部分的語言，現(xiàn)代讀者還是能理解的。

  文學部分不會考查考生知道或了解多少文學作品，但是考生要能夠閱讀各種文學體裁。增加熟悉程度最好的方法就是閱讀。本節(jié)最后會列出一些書單供讀者享用。

  另外，文學部分也不會包含圖表題，通常也不會出現(xiàn)在雙篇章之中。

  如何閱讀小說的大意(Big Picture)

  小說的基本要素包括時間，地點，人物，事件等等。

  小說通常敘述故事，或描繪場景、事物或人物。過程中通常充滿暗示。在閱讀過程中，既要注意小說的細節(jié)描述，也要理解文章的大意(Big picture)。同時，還要關注作者如何通過語言和文學技巧傳達信息。

  在閱讀小說篇章時，要把握好文本的結構，段落主旨，以及段落關系。一些文學篇章側重敘述，narrative, 即講故事，敘述事件發(fā)展過程。還有一些篇章側重描述，descriptive, 側重通過細節(jié)描述重要的人物，場合和事物。其他的大部分文章中，敘述和描述相結合，互相補充和支持。在一篇敘述文中，描述性的語言能夠補充重要人物的細節(jié)描述。而在一篇描述性文章中，敘述性的文字能夠幫助刻畫主題。

  新SAT節(jié)選的文章，文章的大意發(fā)展(big picture)包括兩種，一種是敘述故事矛盾，沖突。包括事件起因，發(fā)展和結尾。另一種是對比，對比人物或場景。以下舉例說明如何閱讀得出小說的大意：

  例：

  The following passage is adapted from Leo Tolstoy's 1873 novel, Anna Karenina (translated from the original Russian by Constance Garnett). Prior to this excerpt, one of the major characters, Levin, has realized that he is in love with his longtime friend Kitty Shtcherbatsky.

  At four o'clock, conscious of his throbbing heart, Levin stepped out of a hired sledge at the Zoological Gardens, and turned along the path to the frozen mounds and the skating ground, knowing that he would certainly find her there, as he had seen the Shtcherbatskys’ carriage at the entrance.

  It was a bright, frosty day. Rows of carriages, sledges, drivers, and policemen were standing in the approach. Crowds of well-dressed people, with hats bright in the sun, swarmed about the entrance and along the well-swept little paths between the little houses adorned with carving in the Russian style. The old curly birches of the gardens, all their twigs laden with snow, looked as though freshly decked in sacred vestments.

  He walked along the path towards the skating-ground, and kept saying to himself— “You mustn't be excited, you must be calm. What's the matter with you? What do you want? Be quiet, stupid,” he conjured his heart. And the more he tried to com- pose himself, the more breathless he found himself. An acquaintance met him and called him by his name, but Levin did not even recognize him. He went towards the mounds, whence came the clank of the chains of sledges as they slipped down or

  were dragged up, the rumble of the sliding sledges, and the sounds of merry voices. He walked on a few steps, and the skating-ground lay open before his eyes, and at once, amidst all the skaters, he knew her.

  He knew she was there by the rapture and the ter-ror that seized on his heart. She was standing talking to a lady at the opposite end of the ground. There was apparently nothing striking either in her dress or her attitude. But for Levin she was as easy to find in that crowd as a rose among nettles. Everything was made bright by her. She was the smile that shed light on all round her. MIs it possible I can go over there on the ice, go up to her?” he thought. The place where she stood seemed to him a holy shrine, unap-proachable, and there was one moment when he was almost retreating, so overwhelmed was he with terror. He had to make an effort to master himself, and to remind himself that people of all sorts were moving about her, and that he too might come there to skate. He walked down, for a long while avoiding looking at her as at the sun, but seeing her, as one does the sun, without looking.On that day of the week and at that time of day people of one set, all acquainted with one another, used to meet on the ice. There were crack skaters there, showing off their skill, and learners clinging to chairs with timid> awkward movements, boys, and elderly people skating with hygienic motives. They seemed to Levin an elect band of blissful beings because they were here, near her. All the skaters, it seemed, with perfect self-possession, skated towards her, skated by her, even spoke to her, and were happy, quite apart from her, enjoying the capital ice and the fine weather.

  Nikolay Shtcherbatsky, Kitty's cousin, in a short jacket and tight trousers, was sitting on a garden seat with his skates on. Seeing Levin, he shouted to him:

  “Ah, the first skater in Russia! Been here long? First-rate ice—do put your skates on.”

  首先我們看斜體字部分：

  The following passage is adapted from Leo Tolstoy's 1873 novel, Anna Karenina (translated from the original Russian by Constance Garnett). Prior to this excerpt, one of the major characters, Levin, has realized that he is in love with his longtime friend Kitty Shtcherbatsky.

  通過斜體字部分，我們可以得出該小說節(jié)選自托爾斯泰的著名小說《安娜卡列尼娜》，以及節(jié)選部分的前情提要。小說中的主要人物之一，Levin, 剛剛意識到自己愛上了好朋友Kitty，故事由此展開。

  然后我們來看內容：

  第一段：

  At four o'clock, conscious of his throbbing heart, Levin stepped out of a hired sledge at the Zoological Gardens, and turned along the path to the frozen mounds and the skating ground, knowing that he would certainly find her there, as he had seen the Shtcherbatskys’ carriage at the entrance.

  通過第一段：我們知道了小說的幾個基本要素，時間，地點，人物，事件。如劃線部分。

  第二段：

  It was a bright, frosty day. Rows of carriages, sledges, drivers, and policemen were standing in the approach. Crowds of well-dressed people, with hats bright in the sun, swarmed about the entrance and along the well-swept little paths between the little houses adorned with carving in the Russian style. The old curly birches of the gardens, all their twigs laden with snow, looked as though freshly decked in sacred vestments.

  第二段：場景描寫，冬天，陽光燦爛，車馬喧囂，人潮涌動。

  第三段：

  He walked along the path towards the skating-ground, and kept saying to himself— “You mustn't be excited, you must be calm. What's the matter with you? What do you want? Be quiet, stupid,” he conjured his heart. And the more he tried to compose himself, the more breathless he found himself. An acquaintance met him and called him by his name, but Levin did not even recognize him. He went towards the mounds, whence came the clank of the chains of sledges as they slipped down or were dragged up, the rumble of the sliding sledges, and the sounds of merry voices. He walked on a few steps, and the skating-ground lay open before his eyes, and at once, amidst all the skaters, he knew her.

  第三段：描述主人公走入公園溜冰場所的過程：He walked along the path towards the skating ground…He went towards the mounds…He walked on a few steps…直到他看到她。伴隨著動作敘述的是主人公的心理活動。他的心情可以用一個詞來形容：excited.

  第四段：

  He knew she was there by the rapture and the terror that seized on his heart. She was standing talking to a lady at the opposite end of the ground. There was apparently nothing striking either in her dress or her attitude. But for Levin she was as easy to find in that crowd as a rose among nettles. Everything was made bright by her. She was the smile that shed light on all round her. Is it possible I can go over there on the ice, go up to her?” he thought. The place where she stood seemed to him a holy shrine, unapproachable, and there was one moment when he was almost retreating, so overwhelmed was he with terror. He had to make an effort to master himself, and to remind himself that people of all sorts were moving about her, and that he too might come there to skate. He walked down, for a long while avoiding looking at her as at the sun, but seeing her, as one does the sun, without looking.

  第四段：該段全部是主人公的心理描述：興奮，害怕，Kitty的圣潔形象等等。可以看出主人公對Kitty的愛慕，以及因愛產生的害怕。

  第五段：

  On that day of the week and at that time of day people of one set, all acquainted with one another, used to meet on the ice. There were crack skaters there, showing off their skill, and learners clinging to chairs with timid, awkward movements, boys, and elderly people skating with hygienic motives. They seemed to Levin an elect band of blissful beings because they were here, near her. All the skaters, it seemed, with perfect self-possession, skated towards her, skated by her, even spoke to her, and were happy, quite apart from her, enjoying the capital ice and the fine weather.

  第五段：雖然Levin看著人們的嘻戲，但是在他眼里，整個場景全都因為Kitty的存在而充滿喜悅。

  結尾：

  Nikolay Shtcherbatsky, Kitty's cousin, in a short jacket and tight trousers, was sitting on a garden seat with his skates on. Seeing Levin, he shouted to him:

  “Ah, the first skater in Russia! Been here long? First-rate ice—do put your skates on.”

  結尾段走出Levin的心理描寫。以Kitty的cousin看到Levin并向其打招呼結尾。縱觀文本，第一、第二段介紹故事背景和場景，第三、四、五段是重點，呈現(xiàn)了主人公因愛產生的內心沖突， Kitty的美好和圣潔，一方面深深地吸引了男主人公，另一方面卻令其望而卻步。這就是本節(jié)內容的矛盾沖突所在，以及文本內容的張力所在。

  下面：根據(jù)以上對文本大意脈絡的分析，回答以下關于文本big picture的問題。

  題目：

  What theme does the passage communicate through the experiences of Levin?

  A) Love is a powerful emotion.

  B) People long to have company.

  C) Life should be filled with joy.

  D) People are meant to work hard.

  該題考查對文本主旨的理解。該篇傳達了作者對生命的洞悉，所有沒有通過Levin的經歷體現(xiàn)出來主題都可以排除。雖然你或許同意其他主題，但是通過文本中Levin的行動和心理體現(xiàn)出來的是選項A。

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