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3月9亞太SAT考試真題回憶|重復3月北美schoolday題目

2019/3/26 15:54:55來源：互聯網作者：上海新航道

雅思/托福/國際備考寒假班

新航道雅思/托福/TOEFL Junior/.免費代報名！

新航道SAT培訓;助力SAT考試。。。

摘要：2019年3月9號亞太SAT考試真題回憶|重復3月6日北美schoolday的題目，一起來看一下

2019年3月份的SAT考試亞太地區如期進行，本次新SAT亞洲卷閱讀部分整體難度中等偏低，考察內容均在College Board官方公布的出題范圍內，沒有超綱題型或異常難題，所以考生備考還是首先要把OG吃透，其次是真題，沒有精力的話就不要想那么多了。

另外，上海新航道此次組織的3月9號香港sat考團 也如期參加考試了，祝愿都取得好成績.

3月9號SAT考試亞博館現場

每次考試，國內考生，包括家長都非常關注考試公平，也就是是否有泄題、舊題等事情的發生，那么今天的考試呢，考生反饋屬于新題，但也有同學說是3月6日北美schoolday的題目，所謂schoolday的測試，北美某些高中基于對自己本校學生的照顧，向Collegeboard提出特殊申請，讓本校學生免費參考SAT的一個特殊福利。這種福利只有美高才能享受到，并且從CB每年的報告數據顯示，享受這種福利的學生會越來越多，但這種考試只允許申請學校的學生參加，參考的學生比較少?？忌目荚嚤憩F和成績數據可以給CollegeBoard提供參考。在某種程度上，算是一種提前測試，CB對新題的一種小范圍評估。這種試題泄題的可能性很小，并不會對大家的考試帶來影響，可以基本等同于新題看待。

整體而言，這次考試難度適中，不過數學非計算器部分由于題干過長，多少對考生有一定的影響，預估這次的評分標準會比較友好。

閱讀部分考情分析

本次新SAT亞洲卷閱讀部分整體難度中等偏低，考察內容均在College Board官方公布的出題范圍內，沒有超綱題型或異常難題，所以考生備考還是首先要把OG吃透，其次是真題，沒有精力的話就不要想那么多了。

Passage 1 小說

Liz’s biology professor sent an email asking her to meet。

文章內容：

第一眼看了導讀，預測是professor和學生之間的愛情，然而并非如此。

Liz很喜歡上biology 課，她真正的夢想是當醫生（文章結尾才揭露），收到professor郵件后她非常擔憂和忐忑，因為Professor沒有告訴她見面原因，也沒有從語氣中透露任何信息。她以為自己太差了，教授要把她從這個課請出去。教授是個非常仔細的人，對學生細節要求很高（對于教授性格出了尋證題，非常好定位）收到郵件后就回想自己在實驗室的時候，每個細節有沒有照professor的要求做到。

meeting 之前的一堂三個小時的生物課，LIz 以為是自己最后一次上課，要和實驗室里的各種設備say goodbye了。她覺得professor 是這種人：show her frustration with kindness. 當你打碎儀器的時候，她用很高的音調說“It’s okay”, 你打掃碎玻璃的時候她就在旁邊，幫你看著哪里有沒掃的玻璃，等你掃完了，掃帚放好了，她又看見了碎玻璃，會溫柔地讓你重新拿掃帚掃（呼應前文刻畫的professor追求細節的個性）

課程結束了，Liz忐忑地等所有人走了，去找教授。professor 問她喜歡生物課嗎？她說喜歡。問她的夢想是什么？LIz竟然為了討好教授說相當科學家，但她真正的夢想是醫生。故事真相是——教授又一個summer research position 想推薦liz 去.

閱讀原文

“Make Your Home Among Strangers”
BY Capo Cruet

I scanned my mind for what this could be about. Had I left a supply closet or fridge unlocked? Had I open centrifuged one of the specimens she’d asked me to look at when it was supposed to be closed centrifuged? Had she glanced over my shoulder

at my class notes and seen the list of embarrassing questions only I seemed to have and which I’d scribbled under the heading Things to Look Up Later? I’d been so careful around her so far, hoping to make up for all the times I raised my hand and revealed how little I knew, all the times she caught me pretty much fondling the equipment —the elegant pipettes, the test tube racks that kept everything snug and in place, the magical autoclave incinerating all evidence of use and making everything perfect over and over again. It could’ve been any or all of these things: she was so smart that I was certain she’d put these observations together and conclude, long before I figured it out, that though I was eager and good at keeping contamination at bay, I wasn’t cut out for the hard sciences. I wrote her back, composing my e-mail in a word processing program first

to make sure the green squiggly line of grammar impropriety didn’t show up under every clause, and confirmed I could meet with her Monday at noon, right after class. She wrote back a cryptic, That will be more than fine.

The three hours of that week’s lab class felt like a goodbye. I stacked each petridish as if it were the last time I’d be allowed to handle those delicate circles of glass. I swished saline solution for longer than was needed, looked at the agar coating the bottom of plates as if its nutrients were intended for me and were about to be withheld. When a question popped into my head, I kept my hand down and didn’t even bother to write it in my notebook.

I watched Professor Kaufmann for clues all class but saw nothing, though she’d already proven herself good at masking frustration with kindness. You could drop an entire tray of beakers, and she would smile and in a too-high voice say, That’s OK! I sometimes thought I was the only one in the class who saw through her, could tell how very upset she was at all that shattered glass on the floor: I knew it from the way she’d

say Hmmm as she accosted the student culprit with a broom and stood over them, pointing out a missed shard here, a tiny speck there. She’d wait until they put the broom

away before noticing another piece, then instruct them to go back to the closet and bring the broom again.

I approached her lab bench once everyone had left. She was scribbling something

on some graph paper, and I glanced at what she wrote once I was closer. Whatever

it was, it was in German— probably not a good sign— and it was underneath a series

of equations that meant nothing to me and which were in no way related to our

class.

—Liz! she said. Oh, super! Come here, please!

She stood and let me have her seat. I sat there for a good minute, watched her keep working as if she hadn’t just asked me to sit down. Her pen dug into the paper and I wondered if she had two brains—wondered if there were a way I could split my own mind like that, be in one place but let my mind hang out wherever it wanted.

She slapped the pen down on her notebook, and without even apologizing for the awkward three or so minutes we’d been right next to each other but not speaking, she said, Thank you for staying after class. I see you’re eager

to know what this is about.

—Yes, I said. I tried to keep my back straight; I found trying to maintain good posture more painful than just slouching. Even seated on her high stool, I was still looking up at her. I said, Is everything okay?

—Yes, of course. Thank you for asking.

I figured then that I should stop talking lest I incriminate myself, but she

smiled at me and nodded as if I’d kept speaking, as if I was saying something at that very

moment.

—Yes, so, she said. You are enjoying the lab so far?

—I love it, I blurted out. It’s my favorite class this semester.

—Super! she said. That’s super.

She nodded some more. After a few additional seconds of painful silence and sustained eye contact she asked, Are you interested in becoming a research

scientist?

I thought I wanted to be a doctor, but that didn’t seem

like the right answer.

—Yes, I said. I am.

—Good, super. Because there is something you should do then, a program.

She slipped a hand beneath her pad of graph paper and slid out a glossy

folder. I closed my eyes, not wanting to look at it: here it was, the remedial program for

students needing extra help, forced in front of me like that list of campus resources I’d

printed out last semester as my only hope. The folder was white with a crimson stripe

down the front of it, a gold logo embossed at its center.

—This is connected to my research group. It’s a summer position at our field laboratory off the coast of Santa Barbara, in California. You would be perfect for it.

Passage 2 歷史

a speech of franklin in 1787

文章內容：

Two passions of men that have great impact, 一種是ambition, 第二是the pursuit of money and power. If you show a man a post of power, 他會不遺余力地得到它。接著作者用英國政府中存在這樣的職位競爭，導致conflict不斷來支持前面的觀點。（此處考了一道尋證題）

第二段以問題開頭—是哪種人會不遺余力獲取權力金錢呢？一定不是愛好和平，humble, patient這一類人；卻是ambitious, 有欲望的人。

第三段講the conflict between the governing and the governed, 人民越不想被統治，統治階級對權力和金錢的需求和欲望越大，他要錢去討好支持他的黨派們以鞏固自己的地位，錢肯定要從人民稅收中來，這是主要矛盾點。

閱讀原文

“A Speech that Benjamin Franklin delivered to the United States Constitution Convention”

BY Benjamin Franklin

And of what kind are the men that will strive for this profitable preeminence, through all the bustle of cabal, the heat of contention, the infinite mutual abuse of parties, tearing to pieces the best of characters? It will not be the wise and moderate, the lovers of peace and good order, the men fittest for the trust. It will be the bold and the violent, the men of strong passions and indefatigable activity in their selfish pursuits. These will thrust themselves into your government and be your rulers. And these, too, will be mistaken in the expected happiness of their situation, for their vanquished competitors, of the same spirit, and from the same motives, will perpetually be endeavoring to distress their administration, thwart their measures, and render them odious to the people.

Besides these evils, sir, tho we may set out in the beginning with moderate salaries, we shall find that such will not be of long continuance. Reasons will never be wanting for proposed augmentations; and there will always be a party for giving more to the rulers, that the rulers may be able, in return, to give more to them. Hence, as all history informs us, there has been in every state and kingdom a constant kind of warfare between the governing and the governed; the one striving to obtain more for its support, and the other to pay less. And this has alone occasioned great convulsions, actual civil wars, ending either in dethroning of the princes or enslaving of the people.

Generally, indeed, the ruling power carries its point, and we see the revenues of princes constantly increasing, and we see that they are never satisfied, but always in want of more. The more the people are discontented with the oppression of taxes, the greater need the prince has of money to distribute among his partizans, and pay the troops that are to suppress all resistance, and enable him to plunder at pleasure. There is scarce a king in a hundred who would not, if he could, follow the example of Pharaoh—get first all the people’s money, then all their lands, and then make them and their children servants for ever.

Passage 3 科學

“the greatest show on earth: the evidence of revolution”

文章內容：

一種名為ps 的動物，originally from 一個地方名為pk, 在另外一個叫PM 的地方是不存在的，1971年的時候，科學家把一部分ps 這種動物運到PM。2008年再比較兩個物種的時候，科學家預測PM上的PS和PK上的PS是一樣的。（緊接著后面的內容出了尋證題）但是這樣推測是沒有道理的，因為不管怎樣這36年PK上的PS一定也是進化了的，有改變的。

第二段篇幅非常短：那兩個地方的PS有什么區別？PM上的PS這種動物頭更大，更寬，更高，咬肌更發達。他們相對于PK上的PS更多吃草，PK上的更多吃Insects。

第三段既然PM上的動物吃草，為什么要更發的的咬肌呢？因為植物有細胞壁，相比肉類，更需要強大的咬肌。而且PM上的動物胃里有特殊的細菌和其他微生物幫助消化植物。其他的不同之處是PM上的PS密度更大。

閱讀原文：

There are two small islets off the Croatian coast called Pod Kopiste and Pod Mrcaru. In 1971 a population of common Mediterranean lizards, Podarcis sicula, which mainly eat insects, was present on Pod Kopiste but there were none on Pod Mrcaru. In that year experimenters transported five pairs of Podarcis sicula from Pod Kopiste and released them on Pod Mrcaru. Then, in 2008, another group of mainly Belgian scientists, associated with Anthony Herrel, visited the islands to see what had happened.

They found a flourishing population of lizards on Pod Mrcaru, which DNA analysis confirmed were indeed Podarcis sicula. These are presumed to have descended from the original five pairs that were transported. Herrel and his colleagues made observations on the descendants of the transported lizards,

and compared them with lizards living on the original ancestral island. There were marked differences.

The scientists made the probably justified assumption that the lizards on the ancestral island, Pod Kopiste, were unchanged representatives of the ancestral lizards of thirty-six years before. In other words, they presumed they were comparing the evolved lizards of Pod Mrcaru with their unevolved ‘ancestors’ (meaning their contemporaries but of ancestral type) on Pod Kopiste. Even if this presumption is wrong – even if, for example, the lizards of Pod Kopiste have been evolving just as fast as the lizards of Pod Mrcaru – we are still observing evolutionary divergence in nature, over a timescale of decades: the sort of timescale that humans can observe within one lifetime.

And what were the differences between the two island populations, differences that had taken a mere thirty-seven years or so to evolve?* Well, the Pod Mrcaru lizards – the ‘evolved’ population – had significantly larger heads than the ‘original’ Pod Kopiste population: longer, wider and taller heads. This translates into a markedly greater bite force. A change of this kind typically goes with a shift to a more vegetarian diet and, sure enough, the lizards of Pod Mrcaru eat significantly more plant material than the ‘ancestral’ type on Pod Kopiste. From the almost exclusive diet of insects (arthropods, in the terms of the graph opposite) still enjoyed by the modern Pod Kopiste population, the lizards on Pod Mrcaru had shifted to a largely vegetarian diet, especially in summer.

Why would an animal need a stronger bite when shifting to a vegetarian diet? Because plant, but not animal, cell walls are stiffened by cellulose. Herbivorous mammals like horses, cattle and elephants have great millstone-like teeth for grinding cellulose, quite different from the shearing teeth of carnivores and the needly teeth of insectivores. And they have massive jaw muscles, and correspondingly robust skulls

for the muscle attachments (think of the stout midline crest along the top of a gorilla’s skull).*

Vegetarians also have characteristic peculiarities of the gut. Animals generally can’t digest cellulose without the aid of bacteria or other micro-organisms, and many vertebrates set aside a blind alley in the gut called the caecum, which houses such bacteria and acts as a fermentation chamber (our appendix is a vestige of the larger caecum in our more vegetarian ancestors). The caecum, and other parts of the gut, can become quite elaborate in specialist herbivores. Carnivores usually have simpler guts than herbivores, and smaller too. Among the complications that become inserted in herbivore guts are things called caecal valves. Valves are incomplete partitions, sometimes muscular, which can serve to regulate or slow down the flow of material through the gut, or simply increase the surface area of the interior of the caecum. The picture on the left shows the caecum cut open in a related species of lizard which eats a lot of plant material. The valve is indicated by the arrow. Now, the fascinating thing is that, although caecal valves don’t normally occur in Podarcis sicula and are rare in the family to which it belongs, those valves have actually started to evolve in the population of P. sicula on Pod Mrcaru, the population that has, for only the past thirty-seven years, been evolving towards herbivory. The investigators discovered other evolutionary changes in the lizards of Pod Mrcaru. The population density increased, and the lizards ceased to defend territories in the way that the ‘ancestral’ population on Pod Kopiste did.

I should repeat that the only thing that is really exceptional about this whole story, and the reason I am telling it here, is that it all happened so extremely rapidly, in a matter of a few decades: evolution before our very eyes.

Passage 4 社科

The passage is adapted from Wray Herbert: On second thought: outsmarting your mind’s hard-wired habits.

文章內容：

這篇文章開頭2段講了人們根據對貨幣或事物的熟悉度來判斷事物的價值，并不總是根據事物的客觀價值。人們是根據心理熟悉度作出反應的，熟悉帶來comfort, 不熟悉帶來discomfort，由此產生了事物價值高低之分。

后面的段落引用研究人員Adam Altman and Daniel Oppenheimer設計的三個實驗證明上述結論，第一個實驗是給被實驗人1 dollar和1 susan B，讓其對生活常用品，比如紙巾，筆等進行評估價值，盡管兩者在價值上相同，但是由于人們只對一美元熟悉，普遍對一美元的購買力賦予更高價值。

為了進一步證明的普遍性，實驗人員給了被實驗著2 dollars （現實中不存在）和2 shinges, 雖然2美元上印著美國開國元勛杰弗遜的頭像，人們由于對其不熟悉，給予其的購買力價值相對較低。

第三個實驗對人們對與熟悉度的偏好有個更進一步的驗證。給予被實驗人2組字體的物品清單，一組較為熟悉，另一組不清晰，被實驗者做出了和上述兩個實驗相同的結果，這就是Adam Altman and Daniel Oppenheimer 提出的 fluency heuristic，強調familiarity導致人們習慣性賦予其較高價值。

文中引用了Adam Altman and Daniel Oppenheimer的文章：easy on the mind, easy on the money (psychonomic society)中的表格證明了熟悉度增加事物價值。

閱讀原文

Princeton psychologist Daniel Oppenheimer and his New York University colleague Adam Alter believe that many of the economic decisions we make have little to do with objective value. Market choices have much more to do with the brain’s basic internal perception of the world and the way those perceptions shape our feelings of comfort and ease. In this view, even currency has no clear and absolute value within one national economy. Regardless of those numbers on bills and coins, money derives its true value at least in part from the individual mind. In a series of experiments, these two psychologists have been studying the marketplace cues that trigger psychological comfort or discomfort, and thus shape us as economic beings. They’ve found that our economic behavior is driven by the same fluency heuristic at work in the Moses illusion.

The basic idea is that it’s human nature to get anxious and wary when the world is strange or challenging. We’re more at ease around the familiar and comprehensible. Think back to the avalanche fatalities described in the introduction. Most of them happened in places familiar to the victims. That’s a version of the fluency bias, which is probably deep-wired from the days when the world was much more threatening. But the cues that signal us to be on guard in the modern social world—including the financial world—may not be obvious. Indeed, they may be almost undetectable at times. It’s these nuanced signals that the psychologists have been exploring in the lab.

Here’s an example of their work. Oppenheimer and Alter asked a group of volunteers to estimate how much of various commodities they could buy with a dollar. They were ordinary things like paper clips and gumballs and paper napkins. Some of the volunteers were given a regular old dollar bill, with George Washington on it, while others were given less familiar currency of the same value: a Susan B. Anthony $1 coin, for example. Invariably, the volunteers believed that the familiar old dollar bill was worth more—that it had more buying power—than the unusual currency.

That’s not logical, of course. But it was not a fluke. They got the same result when they gave some people a rare $2 bill and others two singles. It’s not as though people never see a $2 bill, and it does have Thomas Jefferson on it, after all. But just the slight unfamiliarity of the denomination was enough to make people devalue it. Why would this be? Oppenheimer and Alter believe this irrational behavior is rooted in our most fundamental mental processes: The world is full of stimuli of various kinds, some more familiar than others, and the brain is tuned to process the familiar ones rapidly, effortlessly, and intuitively. More difficult or alien cues require more mental work, more plodding deliberation; the brain switches to its more cautious and calculating style to be on the safe side. We intuitively know that familiar $1 bills are valuable items, but the dollar coin is an unknown commodity—and the difference shows just how hard it is for us to know the “value of a dollar.”

This is humbling to know. But there’s more. The psychologists wanted to see if the same cognitive bent shapes our perceptions and attitudes toward goods themselves, and they decided to use the typeface manipulation to find out. In this experiment, they gave everyone the same currency—the familiar dollar bill—but they made the commodities more or less accessible. Some of the “consumers” purchased the gumballs and paper clips from a form that was printed in a clear black font, while others had to select from a form printed in the difficult-to-read gray script—basically the same manipulation described before. The idea was to make the strangeness as subtle as possible, to reduce it to basic perception. Even at this most fundamental level, the differences shaped economic judgment: volunteers in the study consistently rated identical goods as less valuable when they came in an unfamiliar, cognitively challenging form.

Passage 5 科學雙篇

Passage1：Robert Hazen的Genesis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origin

上世紀80年代對于RNA ribozymes的發現開啟了人們理解生命起源的新篇章，1989年兩位科學因此領域研究獲得諾貝爾獎。

在以前的知識體系下，DNA和Protein是雞生蛋蛋生雞的關系：DNA攜帶信息，protein制造和表達信息，根據對RNA的最新研究發現，RNA ribozymes可能同時具備這兩項功能，由此產生了RNA World theory.

Passage 2：取自university of North Carolina School of Medicine的文章biochemists resurrect: molecular fossils: findings challenge the attempts about origins of life（發表在sciencedaily上）

首先RNA ribozymes進化到當今的復雜程度需要很長時間，在地球存在4.5billions年里，這種發展進化速度是不可能的。

其次，沒有證據表明RNA ribozymes在幾十億年前存在。Carter教授使用最新技術進行了研究。人類基因密碼由兩大modern day enzymes族系轉譯。Carter教授發現這兩大族系由共有的identical cores來產生molecular fossil，教授將其命名為Urzymes. 并推斷出此物質可能是古時早期生命信息的的存在狀態。

“Molecular fossils: findings challenge the attempts about origins of life”

BY University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Now, research from UNC School of Medicine biochemist Charles Carter, PhD, appearing in the September 13 issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, offers an intriguing new view on how life began. Carter's work is based on lab experiments during which his team recreated ancient protein enzymes that likely played a vital role in helping create life on Earth. Carter's finding flies in the face of the widely-held theory that Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) self-replicated without the aid of simple proteins and eventually led to life as we know it.

In the early 1980s, researchers found that ribozymes -- RNA enzymes -- act as catalysts. It was evidence that RNA can be both the blueprints and the chemical catalysts that put those blueprints into action. This finding led to the "RNA World" hypothesis, which posits that RNA alone triggered the rise of life from a sea of molecules.

But for the hypothesis to be correct, ancient RNA catalysts would have had to copy multiple sets of RNA blueprints nearly as accurately as do modern-day enzymes. That's a hard sell; scientists calculate that it would take much longer than the age of the universe for randomly generated RNA molecules to evolve sufficiently to achieve the modern level of sophistication. Given Earth's age of 4.5 billion years, living systems run entirely by RNA could not have reproduced and evolved either fast or accurately enough to give rise to the vast biological complexity on Earth today.

"The RNA world hypothesis is extremely unlikely," said Carter. "It would take forever."

Moreover, there's no proof that such ribozymes even existed billions of years ago. To buttress the RNA World hypothesis, scientists use 21st century technology to create ribozymes that serve as catalysts. "But most of those synthetic ribozymes," Carter said, "bear little resemblance to anything anyone has ever isolated from a living system."

Carter, who has been an expert in ancient biochemistry for four decades, took a different approach. His experiments are deeply embedded in consensus biology.

Our genetic code is translated by two super-families of modern-day enzymes. Carter's research team created and superimposed digital three-dimensional versions of the two super-families to see how their structures aligned. Carter found that all the enzymes have virtually identical cores that can be extracted to produce "molecular fossils" he calls Urzymes -- Ur meaning earliest or original. The other parts, he said, are variations that were introduced later, as evolution unfolded.

These two Urzymes are as close as scientists have gotten to the actual ancient enzymes that would have populated Earth billions of years ago.

"Once we identified the core part of the enzyme, we cloned it and expressed it," Carter said. "Then we wanted to see if we could stabilize it and determine if it had any biochemical activity." They could and it did.

Both Urzymes are very good at accelerating the two reactions necessary to translate the genetic code.

"Our results suggest that there were very active protein enzymes very early in the generation of life, before there were organisms," Carter said. "And those enzymes were very much like the Urzymes we've made."

The finding also suggests that Urzymes evolved from even simpler ancestors -- tiny proteins called peptides. And over time those peptides co-evolved with RNA to give rise to more complex life forms.

In this "Peptide-RNA World" scenario, RNA would have contained the instructions for life while peptides would have accelerated key chemical reactions to carry out those instructions.

文法部分考情分析

語法部分整體難度中等偏下，基礎打的好的同學高分不難，重點是考查學生知識點的掌握程度和應用知識的熟練度，比如詞匯題，詞義相近，標點題，圖表題，主謂一致等。

第一篇：Dickens takes the stage

英國著名作家Dickens在寫作之前做過表演，因此他想到把表演和寫作結合起來，朗讀他的小說給觀眾聽。舞臺布置非常簡單，只需要他的出現和他的聲音，他曾經在一場表演中模仿過23個人的聲音。由于Dickens之前做過舞臺相關工作，他經常和觀眾互動，很多觀眾成了他的朋友。他還進一步發展了這種intimacy，他鼓勵觀眾對表演作出公開的反應。他做了472場這樣的表演，是第一個成為名人的作家。

第二篇：Fritz Pollard Beyond the Gridiron

Fritz Pollard是1913年到1937年間著名的足球運動員和教練，他退役后從事里各種職業來促進美國黑人的職業發展。

他最開始做專欄作家，推介美國黑人的運動成就，并促使NFL及其他運動聯盟消除種族隔離。他還同樣推介演技界的黑人演員。

他還做黑人的經紀人，建立了sunstan studio，使很多黑人藝術家獲得成功。

除此之謂他還做過稅務咨詢等，他把所有這些成就都歸功于他在足球上的成功。

第三篇：Why we still need mapmkers

以前制作地圖，需要地圖制作者的個人探索和其他個人能力。如今技術發展似乎使制作地圖的崗位沒有存在的意思了。雖然GIS技術使人們可以快速獲得地圖的相關信息，但是仍然需要人來進行修正，比如新修的彎路，或被洪水損壞的道路，都需要人來及時跟進和修正。同時，地圖制作者還要會使用顏色等技術，將信息以最好的方式傳達出去。

而且，地圖制作者也是故事講述者，他們會極富創造力的將空間信息重新整合，給人們原來從未有的新想法，比如，將一段時間的咖啡館信息標注出來，可以體現出當地的商業關系，等等。

所以，地圖制作還是有很多職業機會的，只要人們掌握了合適的技術。

第四篇：The art of a cat’s lap

文章由Smith觀察他家的貓引題。他發現貓喝奶是從舌頭下面流下去。于是通過stroboscopic 技術研究貓的舐食，慢動作回放，觀察出確實是喝水通過舌頭下方流下去的。MIT研究人員證實了Smith的部分研究結果，同時提出lapping的速度和準度也起了很關鍵的作用。

速度越快，越不容易收到重力的負面影響。

而且，研究人員發現，lapping和貓科動物的質量mass成反比關系，體積越大，lapping越慢。比如，家貓每秒3.5-4次lapping, 而獅子是每秒1.5-2次。因為大體積的貓科動物，舌頭較寬，形成的water column也會重，這時重力會起作用，導致掉落下來。

數學部分考情分析

數學部分難度較易，還是在OG范圍內，甚至低于平時學生的訓練，沒有偏題難題，只是個別細節題容易丟分，學生細心的話，高分不難。

Section 3

無計算器的數學部分較為簡單。

涉及到的知識點：

八道一次函數，考察形式包括應用題，圖表題，一元一次函數，二元一次；函數其中斜率的考察屢次出現。

六道一元二次函數題目。微有難度的題目是填空題，以應用題的形式出現：18塊錢賣Tshirt可以賣60件，每降一塊錢，多賣10件，問總共最多賺多少錢？

兩道指數函數題目。

Section 4

部分題目題干略長，總體難度不大，部分邏輯題較易出錯。

重點關注：

18道一次函數的題，考察形式和section 非常類似，包括應用題，圖表題，一元一次函數，二元一次；函數其中斜率的考察屢次出現

一元二次函數和指數函數，指數函數題目出現兩次，都非常簡單，包括一道帶圖表的選擇題和填空題。填空題內容：

科學家培養細菌，細菌起始是100個，每天的Beginning 都是前一天的beginning數量的兩倍，第一天開始是20個，第六天開始是多少？

比例尺題：地圖上1inch represent 300feet, 面積是12的地圖，當地圖長寬都增加50%后，1inch 代表多少feet？

line of best fit考了兩道，都以帶圖表的選擇題形式出現。

一道三角函數題目，非常簡單。直角三角形，兩個度數和兩條邊已知，問cosA。

寫作部分

這次寫作的文章題目取材于紐約時報，關于環境污染的問題，這類文章比較貼近考生日常學習，寫起來相對容易。

文章作者是Eric Betz, 選自2015年Los Angeles Times的一篇文章, 名為 “Let There be (Less) Light”, 文章主要探討了夜間光污染的問題. 文章的主旨在題目中的prompt中直接體現: “Cities must reduce light pollution”.

寫作原文:

DIRECTIONS

The essay gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can read and comprehend a passage and write an essay nalyzing the passage. In your essay, you should demonstrate that you have read the passage carefully,present a clear and logical analysis, and use language precisely.Your essay must be written on the lines provided in your answer booklet;except for the Planning Page of the answer booklet, you will receive no other paper on which to write. You will have enough space if you write on every line,avoid wide margins, and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. Remember that people who are not familiar with your handwriting will read what you write.Try to write or print so that what you are writing is legible to those readers.

REMINDERS

1、Do not write your essay in this booklet. Only what you write on the lined pages of your answer booklet will be evaluated.
2、An off-topic essay will not be evaluated.
You have 50 minutes to read the passage and write an essay in response to the prompt provided inside this booklet.

As you read the passage below, consider how Eric Betz uses
? evidence, such as facts or examples, to support claims.
? reasoning to develop ideas and to connect claims and evidence.
? stylistic or persuasive elements, such as word choice or appeals to emotion,to add power to the ideas expressed.

Adapted from Eric Betz, “Let there be (less) light” ©2015 by the Los Angeles Times. Originally published August 16, 2015.

1、Looking out across Los Angeles from Mt. Wilson Observatory at night, the hills and mountains look like islands in a sea of light. It was here that Edwin Hubble first proved our universe was expanding at a rapid pace. From this vantage point you can still make out the major constellations, but drive into the light bubble and suddenly the cosmos feels awfully far away. The city shines so bright it blocks out the stars, a phenomenon known as "skyglow."

2、Light seeps into the sky from stadiums, malls, parking lots, offices and billboards. But streetlights, with their harsh bulbs, are the worst offenders. . . .

3、We intuitively assume that more lights mean less crime. Indeed, police are often taught that, second to more cops, good lighting is the best crime deterrent.

4、Yet decades of research show there's no scientific reason to believe that darker streets are inherently more dangerous. And, increasingly, researchers are finding that excess light is toxic for both humans and wildlife.

5、In one study, published July 28 in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, researchers examined 14 years of data from 62 local authorities across England and Wales, hunting for crime and collision trends among agencies that reduced their lighting.

6、But the health researchers found no link between collisions and lighting despite studying about 14,500 miles of roadways where streetlights were dimmed, lighted for only part of the night or shut off entirely. They also examined lighting's effect on crime and similarly found no increase in burglary, auto theft, robbery, violence or sexual assault in areas where lighting policy had changed.

7、The scientists published a companion study based on surveys of 520 people living in darkened areas. Many residents said they didn't even notice the dimming, let alone feel threatened by an uptick in crime.

8、Other studies back up these results. In 1998, for example, Chicago tried to fight crime with a three-phase plan that included upgrading 175,000 streetlights, as well as lights in transit stations and alleys around the city. The city kept experimental control areas unchanged and found that crime consistently increased in both the well-lighted and the control areas. Illinois criminal justice officials concluded that strolling down a dark alley was no more dangerous than doing so in a well-lighted one.

9、All this should make taxpayers uneasy. Last week, the Cities at Night project released a report estimating that the European Union alone spends about $7 billion annually to power streetlights.

10、But there's something much more troubling than wasted money about losing the night. A growing body of biological research suggests that nighttime lighting messes with the circadian rhythms of humans and other animals, wreaking havoc on everything from sleep patterns to DNA repair.

11、Studies have shown that nighttime light exposure is a risk factor for some cancers, diabetes, heart disease and obesity. As scientists continue to gather evidence, the American Medical Assn. has already recommended that cities reduce light pollution and that people avoid staring at electronic screens after dark.

12 LEDs are of particular concern. Cities around the world are converting from traditional yellow sodium-vapor lamps, which cast their light in a narrow range, to broad-spectrum LED streetlights. Los Angeles has installed 165,000 LEDs in recent years, slashing streetlight energy use by 60% and netting $8 million in energy savings annually.

13、The problem is that these bright lamps increase skyglow by emitting more blue light than the older technology. They also could have unintended effects on wildlife. Artificial lights can disrupt navigation, mating and feeding among the many nocturnal animals that share our cities.

14、A University of Bristol study published this month showed that certain moths can't perform evasive maneuvers against predatory bats under LEDs. And recent research in New Zealand shows some insects are 48% more attracted to the new LEDs than they were to the old-fashioned lights. The researchers worry that widespread use of the new technology will create a "white-light night" that intensifies light pollution's pressure on ecosystems.

15、The psychological loss is less measurable. . . .

16、What happens when people grow up without stars? Do they lose their connection to the cosmos that our ancestors tracked so carefully, night after night?

以上就是今天亞太考場的考情，但對于大多數學生而言，就算這次考試理想，也會再刷一次5月或者10月的考試，所以接下來的重點是如何規劃好下一次的考試，同時還要準備SAT2，或者AP，時間出問題可能會導致備考手忙腳亂，影響申請進度。所以這次考試之后，重點規劃一下5月、6月、8月、10月這幾個重要的時間節點，尤其是11年級的學生。